Leadership & Management: Theories on Leadership


 Leadership Theories


Great Man Theory
·   born a leader, you will be a leader.
·   e.g Pres.Diosdado Macapagal = Pres. GMA

Leadership Trait Theory
·   leaders are born
·   leaders are discovered
·   leadership traits identified:
- technical mastery
- self confidence
- intelligence
- alertness
- dependability
- creativity
- personal integrity
- emotional balance
- decisiveness
- enthusiasm

Contingency Theory
·   Effectivenesss depends on two interacting factors: leadership style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader control and influence , 3 things are important:
- leader - member relations
- task structure
- position of power
·   Most Favorable:
- good leader – member relations
- high task structure
- high position power
·   Least Favorable:
- bad leader – member relations
- low task structure
- low position power

Charismatic Theory
·   Charisma – extraordinary power, as of working miracles a gift of grace or of God.

Contemporary Theory
·   is appealing especially for it embraces leadership at all levels
·   manager can motivate new nurses to submit feedback on how well the specific procedure are carried out and implemented.

Situational Leadership Theory
·   Paul Hersey / Kenneth Blanchard (1977)
·   2 distinct behavioral dimensions
- initiation of structure ( task action )
- relationship of maintenance actions
·   Style of Leadership
- Directing: W’s of task to accomplish
- Coaching: guiding to increase capacity
- Supporting: boasting the morale
- Delegation: determine the capacity, potential and ability.

Transformation  Leadership Theory
·   James Mac Gregor Burns ( 1978 )
·  concerned with day to day operation, known as transactional. The transactional leadership builds power by doing whatever will to get more followers.
·  Burns calls leadership that delivers “ true value, integrity who is committed his vision, empower other and trust

Transactional Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Focuses on management task
Identify common values
Caretaker
Is committed
Uses trade-offs to meet goals
Inspires other with vision
Shared values not identified
Has a long term vision
Examines causes
Looks at effect
Uses contingency reward
Empowers other


House’s Path Goal Theory
·   leadership is a function of both structure and consideration and both are contingent on the needs of the followers

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