ALL FOR NURSING

  Standard Precautions / Universal Precautions Applies to ALL BODY FLUIDS Includes: 1.       HAND WASHING 2.       Personal Protective Equipment (sequence of removing PPE’s) gloves-mask-gown-eyewear-cap 3.       Safe use of sharps 4.       Removing spills of blood and body fluids 5.       Cleaning and disinfecting equipment Transmission Based Precautions • Airborne precautions A single room under negative pressure ventilation with a wash hand basin The door must be kept closed at all times except during necessary entrances and exits. Disposable paper towels A high efficiency mask, if available, should be worn when entering the room of a patient with known or suspected tuberculosis. • Droplet precautions Put on a standard mask prior to entering the isolation room.  Hands must be washed with an antisepti...

MODE OF TRANSMISSION it indicates the potential of the disease; conveyance of the agent to the host; it can be by common source transmission, contact source, air-borne transmission. There are four main routes of transmission By Contact Transmission             1. Direct contact ( person to person )             2. Indirect contact ( usually an inanimate object)             3. Droplet contact ( from coughing, sneezing, or                             talking, or talking by an infected person) By Vehicle Route ( through contaminated items)             1. Food – salmonellosis    ...

Hand washing doesn't take much time or effort, but it offers great rewards in terms of preventing illness. Adopting this simple habit can play a major role in protecting your health.  Frequent hand washing is one of the best ways to avoid getting sick and spreading illness. Hand washing requires only soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer — a cleanser that doesn't require water. Find out when and how to wash your hands properly.  WHEN TO WASH YOUR HANDS As you touch people, surfaces and objects throughout the day, you accumulate germs on your hands. In turn, you can infect yourself with these germs by touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Although it's impossible to keep your hands germ-free, washing your hands frequently can help limit the transfer of bacteria, viruses and other microbes.  Always wash your hands before:  Preparing food Eating Treating wounds or giving medicine Touching a sick or injured person In...

The Department of Health (DoH) here has advised the public to watch out for the common diseases during wet season as the rainy season has officially started in the country.  Dr. Lyndon Lee-Suy, program manager for Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases of the DoH, said the common diseases during rainy days include influenza, cough and colds, skin irritation, dengue and leptospirosis. Lee Suy encouraged the public to boost their immune system by staying healthy, having regular exercises, enough time of sleep, eating the right foods, having a balanced diet, dealing with stress and living a healthy lifestyle. On prevention of the spread of the diseases, Lee Suy noted the usual practice - cough etiquette or the proper way of coughing (covering their face when coughing), proper washing of hands regardless of season. What is leptospirosis? Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria called a spirochete. Leptospirosis can be transmitted by many ani...

Causes You get a schistosoma infection through contact with contaminated water. The parasite in its infective stages is called a cercaria. It swims freely in open bodies of water. On contact with humans, the parasite burrows into the skin, matures into another stage (schistosomula), then migrates to the lungs and liver, where it matures into the adult form. The adult worm then migrates to its preferred body part, depending on its species. These areas include the bladder, rectum, intestines, liver, portal venous system (the veins that carry blood from the intestines to liver), spleen, and lungs. Schistosomiasis is not usually seen in the United States. It is common in many tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Symptoms Symptoms vary with the species of worm and the phase of infection. Heavy infestation (many parasites) may cause fever, chills, lymph node enlargement, and liver and spleen enlargement. Initial invasion of the skin may cause itching and a rash (swimmer...

Typhoid Fever Typhoid fever is an infection that causes diarrhea and a rash -- most commonly due to a type of bacteria called Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). Causes The bacteria that cause typhoid fever -- S. typhi -- spread through contaminated food, drink, or water. If you eat or drink something that is contaminated, the bacteria enter your body. They travel into your intestines, and then into your bloodstream, where they can get to your lymph nodes, gallbladder, liver, spleen, and other parts of your body. A few people can become carriers of S. typhi and continue to release the bacteria in their stools for years, spreading the disease. Typhoid fever is common in developing countries, but fewer than 400 cases are reported in the U.S. each year. Most cases in the U.S. are brought in from other countries where typhoid fever is common. Symptoms Early symptoms include fever, general ill-feeling, and abdominal pain. A high (typically over 103 degrees Fahrenheit) fever and sever...

DENGUE FEVER Also known as breakbone fever, is an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low blood pressure occurs. Dengue is transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, principally A. aegypti. The virus has four different types; infection with one type usually gives lifelong immunity to that type, but only short-term immunity to the others. Subsequent infection with a different type increases the risk of severe complications. As there is no vaccine, prevention is sought by reducing the habitat and the number of mosquitoes and limiting exposure to bites. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT Because...