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Saturday, October 1, 2016

NURSING BOARD EXAM TUTORIAL / REVIEW SERVICE




OBJECTIVE:

To prepare the students holistically in applying the different nursing principles thru enhancement of their knowledge and critical thinking strategies of the different dimensions of nursing in preparation for the upcoming Nurse Licensure Examination.


METHODS

CUSTOMIZED INTENSIVE CLOSE-GROUP CONFERENCE REVIEW
MULTIMEDIA DISCUSSION UTILIZING PPT / VIDEO / MUSIC PRESENTATION
TEST TAKING STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT

Monday, May 2, 2016

Nursing Mnemonics: Everything Made EASY Part 2


Mnemonic device, is any learning technique that aids memory. To improve long term memory, mnemonic systems are used to make memorization easier. They do so by increasing the efficiency of the process of consolidation.


EYES
Another way to remember the eyes is:
You look OUt with Both eyes.
Take the Right dose so you won't OD [overdose].
The only one that is Left is OS.
· Both eyes=OU, Right eye=OD, Left eye=OS.


It is about fetal accelerations and decelerations!!!
Just remember VEAL CHOP
Variable Cord compression
Early Head compression
Accelerations OK
Late Placental insufficiency


Heart sounds:
S3= Heart fail-ure (3 syllables)
S4=Hy-per-ten-sion (4 syllables)
And the effects of anticholinergics:
Can't see
Can't pee
Can't spit
Can't --defecate

Nine-point Postpartum Assessment...
BUBBLEHER
B- Breasts
U- Uterus
B- Bladder
B- Bowel function
L- Lochia
E- Episiotomy
H- Homan's sign
E- Emotional Status
R- Respiratory System


LDL ("bad" cholesterol)
L=Lowdown
D=Dirty
L=lipoprotein 



Sunday, May 1, 2016

Nursing Mnemonics: Everything Made EASY Part 1


Mnemonic device, is any learning technique that aids memory. To improve long term memory, mnemonic systems are used to make memorization easier. They do so by increasing the efficiency of the process of consolidation.

The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine" - Causes of Increased Serum K+
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion – Impaired

MURDER
Signs and Symptoms of Increased Serum K+
M - Muscle weakness
U - Urine, oliguria, anuria
R- Respiratory distress
D - Decreased cardiac contractility
E - ECG changes
R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)

HYPONATREMIA
"You Are Fried"
F - Fever (low grade), flushed skin
- Restless (irritable)
- Increased fluid retention and increased BP
- Edema (peripheral and pitting)
D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth

Can also use this one:
SALT

S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst


"CATS" of "HYPOCALCEMIA"
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany
S - Spasms and stridor


To remember which blood types are compatible, visualize the letter “O” as an orb representing the universe, because type O blood is the universal donor blood. Patients with any blood type can receive it. But O also means “odd man out”: Patients with type O blood can receive only type O blood. Think BEEP to remember the signs of minor bleeding:
B: Bleeding gums
E: Ecchymoses (bruises)
E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)
P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)

Hypo/Hyperplasia
Having difficulty distinguishing hypoplasia from hyperplasia? When you see plasia in any word, think of "plastic." Plastic, in turn, means forming or developing. As for hypo and hyper, that’s the easy part. Hypo means under, or below normal. Hyper means excessive, or above normal. Thus, hypoplasia means underdevelopment, and hyperplasia means overdevelopment.

A stand-up comedian who gets no laughs might say his audience has humoral immunity. But humor is the Latin word for “liquid,” and humoral immunity comes from elements in the blood — specifically, antibodies. Contrast this with cellular immunity, which comes about through the actions of T cells. 
"FARM" for serum sickness: each letter stands for a key sign or symptom of serum sickness.
F: Fever
A: Arthralgias
R: Rash
M: Malaise

To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of homeostasis:
T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substance
I: Infection
P: Physical insult or injury
D: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.

When asking assessment questions, remember the American Cancer Society’s mnemonic device CAUTION:
C: Change in bowel or bladder habits
A: A sore that doesn’t heal
U: Unusual bleeding or discharge
T: Thickening or lump
I: Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O: Obvious changes in a wart or mole
N: Nagging cough or hoarseness.

Use the ABCD rule to assess a mole’s malignant potential:
A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?
B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?
C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?
D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm?


Listening Heart Sound
APE TO MAN
Atrial, Pulmonic, Erb's point, Tricuspid, Mitral


Side effects of steroids. The 5 S's.
Sick- easier to get sick
Sad-causes depression
Sex-increases libido
Salt-retains more and causes weight gain
Sugar-raises blood sugar


5F's... Cholecystectomy
female
fair
fat
forty

fertile


Friday, January 1, 2016

Toxin Antidotes


Toxin
Antidote / Treatment
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
N-acetylecysteine
Salicylates
Alkalinize urine, dialysis
Anticholinesterases, organophosphates
Atropine, Pralidoxime
Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents
Physostigmine salicylate
Beta blockers
Glucagon
Digitalis
Stop digitalis, normalize K; lidocaine, anti-dig FAB fragments ( Digitoxin) Digitalis Immune FAB
Iron (Ferrous Sulfate)
Deferoxamine
Lead
CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
Arsenic, mercurym gold
Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
Copper, arsenic, gold
Penicillamine
Cyanide
Nitride, Hydroxocobalamin
Methemoglobin
Methelyn blue
Carbon Monoxide
100% O2, hyperbaric O2
Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
Ethanolm dialysism fomepizole
Opioids, Narcotic Analgesics: Demerol and Morphine Sulfate
Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan), Naltrexone
Benzodiazepines
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Tricyclic antidepressants (Anafranil, Tofranil)
NaHCO3 (nonspecific)
Anticoagulant: Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
Anticoagulant: Warfarin
Vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma
Thrombolytics: t-PA, (Streptokinase, Urokinase)
Aminocaproic Acid ( Amicar)
Lithium Carbonate (Eskalith)
Sodium Bicarbonate
Calcium Channel Blocker (Verapamil)
Calcium
Magnesium Sulfate
Calcium Gluconate